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Table 2 Statistical analysis of results of MMM multiple choice question

From: Using near-real-time monitoring data from Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō vent at Kīlauea Volcano for training and educational purposes

Classes

Paired t -test

Cohen’s d (effect size)

p-value

2yc (111) Hazards

5.11

2.19

<0.001

2yc (101 a) Intro

4.28

1.01

<0.001

2yc (101 b) Intro

5.87

1.67

<0.001

4yc (101 a) Intro

4.68

1.81

<0.001

4yc (101 b) Intro

13.31

1.91

<0.001

Volcanology

2.07

0.72

0.05

Introductory

15.70

2.07

<0.001

  1. Statistical comparison of pre-MMM and post- MMM scores, effect sizes and p-values. Significance was tested at the 0.05 level, all p-values less than 0.05 are considered to be statistically significant. All d values over 0.8 are considered to have a large effect size (Cohen 1969).
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Journal of Applied Volcanology

ISSN: 2191-5040

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