Table 4 Impacts on agrictulture at study sites (NHNPa indicates Nahuel Huapi National Park land)
Farm characteristics | Ash Thickness (mm) | Animal Numbers (Losses in brackets) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Farm ID | Location | Farm Size (ha) | Approximate rainfall (mm/year) | Animal water source | Farmer Est. | Wilson et al. 2012c | Cows | Sheep | Goat |
A | Rio Totoral | NHNP | 800 | Stream/lake | 600 | 300+ | ~50 (~46) | - | - |
B | Eastern side of Lago Nahuel Huapi | NHNP | 800 | Stream/lake | 500 | 300+ | ~50 | - | - |
C | Comallo Valley | 1000 | 120 | Troughs from underground wells | 70 | 50 | 50 | 164 (121) | - |
D | Outskirts of Comallo Township | 10 | 120 | Troughs from underground wells | 30–40 | 30–45 | - | 20–30 (5) | - |
E | Eastern end of the Comallo Valley | 40 | 120 | Troughs from underground wells | 20 | 50 | 200 (35) | 1600 (400) | - |
Animal Symptoms | Vegetation Issues | ||||||||
Farm ID | Eye and skin irritation | Immobilisation | Tooth abrasion | Starvation/dehydration | Gastro-intestinal blockages | Fluorosis | Loss Causes | Vegetation losses (%) | Vegetation loss cause |
A | ✓ | - | ✓ | - | ✓ | ✓ (chronic) | Starvation and lack of clean water. | 25 | Burial |
B | ✓ (on-going) | - | ✓ | - | ✓ | ✓ (chronic) | Evacuated animals as soon as possible. Killed some for household use. | 25 | Burial and remobilisation |
C | ✓ (on-going) | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ (chronic) | Starvation (no spring grass), dehydration (stream dried up) and rumen blockages. Tooth abrasion. 6-year drought compounded problems. | 50 | Burial and remobilisation |
D | ✓ (on-going) | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ (chronic) | No autopsies. Remobilisation issues. Also experienced losses from 1960 PCCVC ashfall due to stomach blockages | 25 | Burial and remobilisation |
E | ✓ (on-going) | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ (chronic) | Ash in rumen causing stomach blockages. Tooth abrasion. Issues with water supply. | 25 | Burial and remobilisation |