Method | Description and temporal coverage | Data sources |
---|---|---|
Visual observations | regular overflights and field visits; 2002–2009 | Instituto GeofÃsico daily reports since 18/02/2003, summarised in Naranjo 2013. |
Thermal camera images | Captured during 39 flights and 6 fieldwork campaigns; 2002–2009 (except 2006) | Ramón and Vallejo (2011); described in detail by Naranjo 2013. |
Seismic event count | 18.02.2003 – end of study period (2508 days of data) | Instituto GeofÃsico daily records |
Satellite thermal alerts (MODVOLC, HOTSPOT) | There were 284 MODVOLC alerts at El Reventador where Bands 12 and 22 were saturated, suggesting temperature exceeding 500 K; 2002–2009 | e.g., Wright et al. 2005; Naranjo 2013. |
VAAC alerts | 208 alerts were made about activity from El Reventador, since the onset of the eruption in 2002. | More details in Naranjo, 2013; http://www.ospo.noaa.gov/Products/atmosphere/vaac/ |
OMI SO2 measurements | OMI SO2 retrievals available since 2004. 115 images show an SO2 plume from El Reventador | e.g., Carn et al. 2008; Naranjo 2013, http://so2.gsfc.nasa.gov/ |