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Table 3 Pedestrian evacuation speeds adopted and weightings (translated and modified from Péroche 2016)

From: Tsunami evacuation times and routes to safe zones: a GIS-based approach to tsunami evacuation planning on the island of Stromboli, Italy

 

Speeds after application of reduction coefficient (km/h)

Class

Slope value (%)

Associated speed

(km/h)

Two-lane road

Single-lane road

Passageway, path, stairs, unsurfaced track

Reduction coefficient

  

1

0.8

0.5

1

<  3

4.85

4.85

3.88

2.43

2

[3–6[

4.55

4.55

3.64

2.28

3

[6–9[

4.26

4.26

3.41

2.13

4

[9–12[

3.97

3.97

3.18

1.99

5

[12–15[

3.69

3.69

2.95

1.85

6

[15–18[

3.42

3.42

2.74

1.71

7

[18–21[

3.15

3.15

2.52

1.58

8

[21–24[

2.90

2.90

2.32

1.45

9

[24–27[

2.65

2.65

2.12

1.33

10

≥ 27

1.71

1.71

1.37

0.86