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Table 6 Matrix used to assess the functional vulnerability of roads, harbours and heliports on Vulcano (adapted from Guobadia 2017). L, M and H indicate low, medium and high (Qualitative assessment). Numbers used for a quantitative vulnerability assessment are also indicated in the 5th column

From: Integrating hazard, exposure, vulnerability and resilience for risk and emergency management in a volcanic context: the ADVISE model

System

Aspect parameters

Criteria for assessment

Loss of function indicator

Loss of function level and associated score

ROADS

Internal redundancy

(in the asset)

Number of structures or paths with the same function

Redundant (L)

Partial redundancy (M)

No alternative (H)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Internal interdependency

(in the system)

Existence of items/assets that link functionality (geographical scale)

High (H)

Medium (M)

Low (L)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Curves and slope

Features of the road

Flat (L)

steep (M)

very steep (H)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Pavement

Quality of adherence

Good (L)

Not good (M)

Very bad (H)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Visibility

Distance of spatial view

Long (L)

Average (M)

Short (H)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Road width

Features of the road

(e.g. for urban setting the width of one lane should be 2.75–3.25 m)

Large (L)

Normal (M)

Narrow (H)

with respect to regulation

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

HARBOURS

Internal redundancy

(in the asset)

Number of structures or paths with the same function

Redundant (L)

Partial redundancy (M)

No alternative (H)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Internal interdependency

(in the system)

Structures /components that link functionally to each other

High (H)

Medium (M)

Low (L)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Docking facility

weather dependent

Usable (L), partially usable (M), not usable (H) during storm

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

type of ships/boats

Any type (L), medium size (M), small boats (H)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

distance of spatial view

High (L), medium (M), low (H) distance

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

HELIPORTS

Internal redundancy

(in the asset)

Number of structures or paths with the same function

Redundant (L)

Partial redundancy (M)

No alternative (H)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Internal interdependency

(in the system)

Structures /components that link functionally to each other

High (H)

Medium (M)

Low (L)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Landing facility

weather dependent

Usable (L), partially usable (M), not usable (H) during storm

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Type of helicopter

Any type (L), medium size (M), small helicopters (H)

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)

Distance of spatial view

High (L), medium (M), low (H) distance

1(L), 2(M), 3(H)