Table 2 Review of previous damage/disruption states for agriculture and infrastructure systems after ashfall. Main classificiation systems used in this study in bold

Blong 2003b

Hazard intensity thresholds

All - notably agriculture (livestock health and horticultural crops)

Mt St Helens

5

Ashfall thickness

Qualitative statements about animal health, also done for horticultural crops not seen in the PCC-VC area

Information not placed within a specific damage state framework, does not acknowledge starvation, gastrointestinal blockages or feed supply issues

Neild et al. 1998

Hazard intensity thresholds

Agriculture (vegetation focus)

Mt St Helens, Ruapehu

3

Ashfall thickness

Part of a agriculture specific report, ideal for intended setting of New Zealand

Only 3 levels, so results within each are very generalised

Wilson et al. 2009

Hazard intensity thresholds

Agriculture (pastoral focus)

Ruapehu, Hudson, Chaiten

5

Ashfall thickness

Based on review of numerous case studies and authors own field work

Generalised descriptions based on relatively high-intensity farming systems

Wilson et al. 2014a

Damage and functionality states

Electrical, water, wastewater, transportation

Chaiten, Mt St Helens, PCC

4 (including 0)

Ashfall thickness

Supported by numerical relationships between thickness and functionality

Assume a relatively standard system of infrastructure design

Jenkins et al. 2014

Damage and disruption states

All

Various

6 (including 0)

Ashfall thickness

Includes all infrastructure sectors and agriculture, based on both prior case studies and expert elicitation

Descriptions are very generalised, and have not yet been widely applied

Hayes et al. 2015

Hazard intensity thresholds

Clean-up

Shinmoedake, Sakurajima, Mt St Helens

4

Ashfall accumulation

First comprehensive review of clean-up operations

Likely to differ dependent on a cities previous experiences with ashfall, and access to resources