Table 1 Notable building damage (>20 houses destroyed) by lava flows in the period 1965–2015. Data sourced from Blong (1984) and Harris (2015) and supplemented with references noted in the table
From: Damage from lava flows: insights from the 2014–2015 eruption of Fogo, Cape Verde
Volcano | Date | Building damage description | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland | 1973–1974 | Approximately 300 houses in Heimaey town destroyed by lava or fire. | Williams and Moore (1983) |
Karangetang (Api Siau), Indonesia | 1976 | 24 houses destroyed (and a further 44 in the path of the flow dismantled) | Global Volcanism Program (1976) |
Nyiragongo, Democratic Republic of Congo | 1977 | Approximately 400 houses in two villages destroyed, and 12 km2 of agricultural land buried. | Global Volcanism Program (1977a) |
Piton de la Fournaisse, Réunion | 1977 | 33 houses and a church in Piton Sainte Rose were destroyed. The road was also buried. | Global Volcanism Program (1977b) |
Kīlauea, USA | 1986, and 1990–1991 | 181 buildings – the majority of Kalapana town –destroyed, mostly during the 1990–1991 lava flows. More than 10 km of public highway was buried. | Global Volcanism Program (1992) |
Nyiragongo, Democratic Republic of Congo | 2002 | 4500 buildings destroyed. | Baxter et al. (2002) |
Fogo, Cape Verde | 2014–2015 | 170 buildings destroyed, 90 damaged. The only road was buried, along with ~2 km2 of agricultural land (25% of all cultivable land) | This study and PDNA, 2016 |