Fig. 6From: Evaluating life-safety risk for fieldwork on active volcanoes: the volcano life risk estimator (VoLREst), a volcano observatory’s decision-support toolExplanation of ballistic exposure calculation. a. Cartoon and equations for calculating likelihood of an impact from one ballistic falling from directly above (travelling perpendicular from the ground). b. Cartoon and equations for calculating likelihood of an impact from a ballistic coming from a side (travelling parallel to the ground). Refer to part D and Fig. 5Back to article page