Skip to main content

Table 1 “Edward” Prototype Helium Isotope Monitor (HIM) Data, Sulfur Banks, Kilauea, December 2020 Deployment

From: In-situ monitoring of 3He/4He in summit gases of Kilauea Volcano (Hawaii) prior to the 2020 eruption

Conventional

Sample ID

Collection Date

3He (Torr)

4He (Torr)

3He/4He

R/Ra *

Rc/Ra **

Rc/Ra ***

Rc/Ra #

Comments

 

12/8/20

1.86E-11

9.10E-07

2.04E-05

3.3

n.d.

n.d.

---

Near-ground gas

 

12/9/20

2.41E-11

1.02E-06

2.37E-05

3.8

n.d.

n.d.

---

Near-ground gas

SB 20-1,

SB 20-2

12/10/20

1.68E-11

8.25E-07

2.03E-05

3.3

n.d.

n.d.

0.8,

1.3

Near-ground gas

 

12/11/20

2.21E-11

9.95E-07

2.23E-05

3.6

n.d.

n.d.

---

Near-ground gas

SB 20-3,

SB 20-4

12/12/20

1.75E-11

8.16E-07

2.14E-05

3.5

n.d.

n.d.

1.1,

0.7

Near-ground gas

SB20-5,

SB20-6

12/13/20

---

---

---

---

---

---

0.3,

1.4

No monitor sample

 

12/14/20

1.96E-11

9.72E-07

2.02E-05

3.3

n.d.

n.d.

---

Near-ground gas

SB20-7,

SB20-8

12/15/20

1.47E-11

8.03E-07

1.83E-05

3.0

n.d.

n.d.

n.d.,

1.4

Near-ground gas

 

12/16/20

1.01E-11

8.09E-07

1.24E-05

2.0

2.0

2.5

---

intakes joined to fumarole

SB20-9,

SB20-10

12/17/20

3.91E-11

1.43E-06

2.73E-05

4.4

12.8

15.7

14.3,

14.8

fumarole

 

12/18/20

3.21E-11

1.20E-06

2.68E-05

4.3

12.4†

15.2†

---

fumarole

SB20-11,

SB20-12

12/19/20

3.39E-11

1.09E-06

3.12E-05

5.0

12.2

15.0

2.0,

1.2

fumarole

SB20-13,

SB20-14

12/20/20

3.68E-11

1.06E-06

3.47E-05

5.6

13.8†

17.0†

16.0,

15.0

fumarole

Lab air series

1/20/21

9.24E-12

9.29E-07

9.95E-06

1.6

---

---

---

lab air, good signal

 

1/22/21

2.91E-12

9.89E-07

2.94E-06

0.5

---

---

---

lab air; low signal

 

1/25/21

5.87E-12

9.91E-07

5.92E-06

1

---

---

---

lab air, OK signal

 

2/1/21

5.81E-12

7.66E-07

7.58E-06

1.2

---

---

---

lab air, OK signal

 

2/2/21

4.91E-12

7.52E-07

6.53E-06

1.1

---

---

---

lab air, OK signal

 

2/9/21

3.31E-12

7.80E-07

4.24E-06

0.7

---

---

---

lab air, low signal

Lab air average

1–2/21

5.34E-12

8.68E-07

6.16E-06

1.0

---

---

---

Std. dev. = 0.39

  1. * R/Ra = [3He/4He]sample/[3He/4He]air, where [3He/4He]air is the average of the lab air series in Table 1 obtained in Jan and Feb 2021
  2. ** Corrected for air contamination using the mixing equation in McMurtry et al. (2019b) and the Ar values reported in Table 3. An average error of 7.9% (n = 7) was calculated from the difference between the expected CO2 concentration of 98% in pure vent gas (Naughton et al. 1973; Peek et al. 2020) from those calculated using the fumarole gas fraction in Table 3. SB ambient samples were not corrected
  3. *** Corrected minimum values from highest 3He/4He response of three runs of the helium standard of Japan (HESJ) standard from July 2021, where the accepted value for the standard is 20.6 R/Ra (Masuda et al. 2002). The highest value of 15.9 Ra was 23% lower; the average minimum response of 14.8 ± 1.0 Ra was 28% lower than the previous instrument calibration
  4. # Conventional analysis of Cu-tube samples (see Table 2). First value per day was taken at VGPS pump exhaust; second value was taken at Tee near fumarole with hand pump (see Fig. 5)
  5. † Using Ar concentration value from previous day
Back to article page

Journal of Applied Volcanology

ISSN: 2191-5040

Contact us