Fig. 6

The median of reported impacted structures for each lava flow impact event where quantitative building-level data are known, plotted against (A) lava flow area, (B) lava flow volume, (C) maximum recorded lava flow velocity, and (D) lava flow length. Recorded channel velocity is not included. Each lava flow impact event is represented as a dot. Error bars show the range of recorded lava flow area, volume, velocity, or length (yellow) and impact data (blue), in different records. Both x- and y-axes are on a log scale. There is little correlation between the number of buildings impacted and lava flow area (R² = 0.0079), volume (R² = 0.0004), front velocity (R² = 0.001), and length (R² = 0.0013). Key lava flow impact events are highlighted with purple arrows